Environmental Impacts and Challenges Associated with Oil Spills on Shorelines

Oil spills are of great concern because they impose a threat to the marine ecosystem, including shorelines. As oil spilled at sea is transported shoreline, and after its arrival, behavior physicochemical characteristics change natural weathering phenomena. Additionally, fate depends on shoreline type, tidal energy, environmental conditions. This paper critically overviews vulnerability shorelines spill impact implication seasonal variations with attenuation oil. A comprehensive review various monitoring techniques, GIS tools remote sensing, discussed for tracking, mapping spills. comparison sensors shows that laser fluorosensors can detect types substrates, snow ice. Moreover, current methods prevent from reaching physical booms, sorbents, dispersants, examined. The advantages limitations physical, chemical, biological treatment their application suitability different shore discussed. highlights some challenges faced while managing spills, viewpoints lack data, need integrated decision-making systems, development rapid response strategies optimize protection